If you selected and copied that shorter address, and pasted it in something like notepad, an email, an address bar, you'd get the full address. Or at least, I believe you are supposed to.
Unfortunately, if a company enforces some policy which disables autoupdate or manual update of applications other than approved ones, it is impossible to do anything externally.
The only way is to update manually using the full installer (if possible). Or, to convince the management and company IT that Opera is on the list of positive exceptions to be installed.
A TIFF file can actually contain multiple images - it would be interesting to know what other browsers do with that.
Firefox gives you the option to either download the file or to associate it with an application of your choice, so it will be opened automatically by it.
Opera (the real one, not Chrome in a new shell labeled as Opera) does the same.
That's at work - because Opera has started failing to update when behind a proxy. Another bug. Chrome had the same problem until we, with some difficulty, found the site it tries to contact to check and download updates, and whitelisted it. I guess we'll have to do the same for Opera. Flash and Adobe Reader have no such problem though, and I'm pretty sure previous versions of Opera didn't either.