@sgunhouse So after the adware scan I did another scan with a different programm and noticed that a specific site would always have background activity when reloading my browser. I then inquired about this and got it fixed with the uBlock extention and a specific block import for it. Now the background activity is no more.
This sadly does not explain why the spam sites randomly opened yesterday, scince the site today only had activity in the background. Scince multiple malware scans didn't find anything besides this, I would still say it was the problem