I'm a little bit late to the subject But I think I could add something to it
first of all, there is an old article on Techchurch on how opera vent public to earn money https://techcrunch.com/2018/07/02/browser-maker-opera-make money-has-filed-to-go-public/
Opera today has two different revenue models, one for the Internet embedded markets and one for the desktop market. Internet embedded markets