@burnout426 Thanks for the reply!

I ran opera
--user-data-dir=~/Desktop/operatest
it worked perfectly. This confirmed the issue was inside my old profile at
~/.config/opera.

Yes, I'm using the .deb file from the official website.

No, I don't use any other command-line arguments. I only run it via the terminal to test and see the logs.

I actually updated Chromium, but it didn't solve the problem.

I also tested Chromium 153.0.8010.52 from the Linux Mint repositories, and it launches perfectly fine without any "Illegal instruction" errors.

Since the test profile worked, I moved my old profile to a backup (mv ~/.config/opera ~/.config/opera_backup) and launched Opera normally.

To be fair, I solved my problem, but I can't easily explain how to fix it to my coworkers since they don't know anything about the terminal. They can try the GUI method instead, though I'm not really good at explaining this stuff.