I know this thread is over a year old, but I also have been running into this, too. There are times when my install of Opera works fine until I restart my computer, and then it falls into a loop of open/immediately fail and close (appearing and disappearinng on the toolbar as it does so).
When I try to run from the command line, I get this error:
dyld: warning, LC_RPATH @loader_path/../../../../../../../../../.. in /Applications/Opera.app/Contents/Frameworks/Opera Framework.framework/Versions/-OPERA-VERSION-HERE/Helpers/Opera Helper.app/Contents/MacOS/Opera Helper being ignored in restricted program because of @loader_path (Codesign main executable with Library Validation to allow @ paths)
Often uninstalling and reinstalling has no effect.
The only thing that works for me is a combination of 2 suggestions. First, per another old thread Opera endless loop of crashes:
rm -r ~/Library/Application\ Support/com.operasoftware.Opera
Then, per the suggestion above, run opera with no experiments:
/Applications/Opera.app/Contents/MacOS/Opera --no-experiments
I can only open Opera by the Terminal right now.